{"id":13120,"date":"2026-05-07T12:56:35","date_gmt":"2026-05-07T10:56:35","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/evidency.io\/comparatif-2d-doc-cachet-electronique\/"},"modified":"2026-05-07T14:24:31","modified_gmt":"2026-05-07T12:24:31","slug":"comparative-2d-doc-electronic-seal","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/evidency.io\/en\/comparative-2d-doc-electronic-seal\/","title":{"rendered":"2D Doc and electronic seals: what truly distinguishes them"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><strong>Key takeaways<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>2D Doc<\/strong> secures data encoded within a 2D barcode, readable using a dedicated scanner. It is particularly useful for supporting documents frequently exposed to falsification (e.g. identity cards, tax documents, invoices).<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Electronic seals<\/strong> are governed by the eIDAS Regulation and seal a file in the name of a legal person, according to three assurance levels (simple, advanced and qualified).<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Both mechanisms aim to <strong>reduce fraud risk<\/strong>, but the electronic seal applies to the entire document, not merely to a subset of data.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>2D Doc appears visibly on the document, whereas the electronic seal is embedded within the file metadata.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>An electronic seal may be combined with <strong>timestamping <\/strong>to strengthen the argument for a reliable date in the event of dispute (evidential logic: date, integrity and origin).<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Qualified trust services<\/strong> within the meaning of the eIDAS Regulation benefit from a legal presumption of integrity and origin recognised throughout the European Union.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Two mechanisms, two technical approaches: 2D Doc and electronic seals<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>To understand the distinction between the two mechanisms, it is necessary to understand what they actually secure: 2D Doc verifies encoded data, whereas the electronic seal seals an entire file.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">2D Doc: a barcode designed to combat fraud<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>2D Doc is a standard created in 2012 by ANTS (France Titres) to reduce the falsification of paper or PDF supporting documents. It takes the form of a two-dimensional barcode (Datamatrix) affixed to a document. Its use falls within a specifically French legal framework (Order of 27 September 2013 and the security framework linked to the R\u00e9f\u00e9rentiel G\u00e9n\u00e9ral de S\u00e9curit\u00e9 (RGS)), which clarifies its purpose: facilitating verification of a transmitted, printed or rescanned document, and reducing alterations that may otherwise go unnoticed during visual inspection.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>In practice, the code contains key data (name, address, amount) signed using a private key; authenticity is verified through the corresponding public key. The operational objective is straightforward: rapid verification through Datamatrix reading, without requiring consultation of a central database. In other words, 2D Doc primarily addresses field-verification requirements for standardised, widely circulated documents.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">How is a 2D Doc verified?<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>The barcode is visible on the document and can be verified easily using a dedicated smartphone application referenced by France Titres, or by barcode scanners in professional environments. No connection to a central database is required. The result is immediate: green indicates the document is authentic; red indicates that it cannot be regarded as reliable.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>This point should nevertheless be expressed clearly: verification only applies to the Datamatrix perimeter. The process checks consistency between the encoded data and the displayed data. Consequently, any modification affecting an element outside that perimeter is not, in itself, detectable through 2D Doc verification.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Electronic seals: the digital seal of a legal person<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>The <a href=\"https:\/\/evidency.io\/en\/5-benefits-of-electronic-seals-for-businesses\/\">electronic seal <\/a>is defined in Article 3(25) of the eIDAS Regulation. It is a cryptographic mechanism enabling an organisation (legal person) to guarantee that it is the originator of a document and that its contents have not been altered. It exists at three assurance levels: simple, advanced and qualified.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The seal is embedded within the file and applies to the document as a whole. In practice, verification is performed through the file\u2019s signature\/seal properties (particularly in PDFs). This architecture explains why electronic seals are naturally suited to natively digital documents, including those generated at scale or requiring subsequent production with an auditable verification trail. Electronic seals are sometimes compared to the enveloppe Soleau, insofar as they provide, in the event of litigation, evidence of origin and integrity capable of being relied upon.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Scope of application and evidential effect<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>2D Doc operates within a French legal framework, whereas qualified electronic seals are recognised throughout all 27 Member States of the European Union.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">2D Doc: a French mechanism for verifying widely circulated supporting documents<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Material scope<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p>Initially designed to facilitate administrative checks, 2D Doc now appears on a broad range of widely circulated supporting documents. These include utility and telecommunications invoices, bank account details (RIBs), payslips, tax notices, the French national identity card (since 2021) and Crit\u2019Air certificates.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Territorial scope<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p>Le 2D Doc s\u2019inscrit dans un cadre d\u2019usage strictement national. Il ne rel\u00e8ve pas des services de confiance qualifi\u00e9s au sens d\u2019eIDAS, mais peut toutefois constituer un \u00e9l\u00e9ment de preuve recevable aupr\u00e8s des juridictions fran\u00e7aises, d\u00e8s lors qu\u2019il permet d\u2019\u00e9tablir la coh\u00e9rence et l\u2019int\u00e9grit\u00e9 des donn\u00e9es encod\u00e9es.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Absence of eIDAS legal presumption<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p>The evidential scope of 2D Doc remains limited: it does not benefit from any eIDAS presumption, and verification is restricted to the fields encoded within the Datamatrix. Accordingly, any alteration affecting an element outside this perimeter cannot be detected through 2D Doc verification.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Electronic seals: a reliable mechanism applicable to any electronic document<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Material scope<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/evidency.io\/en\/electronic-seal\/\">Electronic seals<\/a> may be applied to any electronic document for which a legal person seeks to guarantee origin and integrity: contracts, digital archives, compliance files, source code files and technical reports. Their scope is not restricted to predefined document categories.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Territorial scope and attached presumption<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p>Electronic seals have European effect: a qualified electronic seal is recognised as a matter of law throughout all 27 Member States of the European Union, without additional formalities. Article 35 of the eIDAS Regulation grants qualified electronic seals a presumption of data integrity and correctness of origin, and further provides that no court may refuse legal effect solely because the seal is in electronic form.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>In practice, this means that where a party seeks to challenge the origin or integrity of the document, it falls to that party to provide evidence capable of substantiating the challenge.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">How to choose your provider<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>The process of choosing a <a href=\"https:\/\/evidency.io\/en\/checklist-cto-how-to-choose-qualified-trust-service-provider\/\">Trust Service Provider<\/a> takes place in two stages.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>First, determine the required assurance level (simple, advanced or qualified) according to the level of risk involved (audit, litigation, cross-border use) and the intended evidential effect.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Second, assess the implementation framework: API integration for high-volume processing, supervision capabilities, retention of technical evidence, and above all the ability to produce intelligible evidence (case file, verification elements and access mechanisms).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Summary table comparing 2D Doc and Electronic Seal<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table class=\"has-fixed-layout\"><thead><tr><th>Criteria<\/th><th>2D Doc<\/th><th>Electronic seal with Qualified Timestamping<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td>Prupose<\/td><td>Combating <a href=\"https:\/\/evidency.io\/en\/prevention-document-fraud\/\">documentary fraud<\/a><\/td><td>Guaranteeing integrity, origin and date of an electronic document<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Medium<\/td><td>Paper and digital<\/td><td>Digital only<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Visibility<\/td><td>Printed barcode visible on the document<\/td><td>Embedded within metadata<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>What is secured<\/td><td>Predetermined fields encoded in the Datamatrix<\/td><td>Entire electronic file<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Legal framework<\/td><td>French law (Decree No. 2013-629, RGS)<\/td><td>Regulation (EU) No. 910\/2014 (eIDAS)<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Evidential effect<\/td><td>Integrity of signed fields under the RGS; no eIDAS legal presumption<\/td><td>Legal presumption of integrity and origin (Art. 35); reliable date (Arts. 41-42 eIDAS)<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Territorial scope<\/td><td>France only<\/td><td>27 EU Member States<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Scalability<\/td><td>ANTS issuer registration required<\/td><td>High-volume processing through API<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:40px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-buttons is-content-justification-center is-layout-flex wp-container-core-buttons-is-layout-16018d1d wp-block-buttons-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-button\"><a class=\"wp-block-button__link has-background wp-element-button\" href=\"https:\/\/evidency.io\/en\/contact-evidency\/\" style=\"background-color:#0c0171\">Contact our team to learn more about electronic seals<\/a><\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:39px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>References<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>R\u00e8glement (UE) n\u00b0 910\/2014 du 23 juillet 2014 (eIDAS), art. 3 \u00a7 25, art. 35 et art. 42.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Arr\u00eat\u00e9 du 27 septembre 2013 relatif \u00e0 l\u2019insertion d\u2019un code-barres 2D d\u00e9nomm\u00e9 \u00ab 2D-doc \u00bb dans les pi\u00e8ces justificatives.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>R\u00e9f\u00e9rentiel g\u00e9n\u00e9ral de s\u00e9curit\u00e9 (RGS).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>France Titres (ANTS), 2D Doc, page institutionnelle, 2024<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>France Titres (ANTS), 2D-DOC \u2013 Sp\u00e9cifications techniques des Codes \u00e0 Barres 2D-DOC, version 3.3.4, 2024<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u00c9ric A. Caprioli, Signature \u00e9lectronique et d\u00e9mat\u00e9rialisation, LexisNexis, coll. \u00ab Droit &amp; Professionnels \u00bb (chap. \u00ab Cachet \u00e9lectronique \u00bb, p. 163\u2013166).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u00c9ric A. Caprioli, \u00ab Les prestataires de services de confiance (PSCo) dans le contexte du r\u00e8glement eIDAS \u00bb, Dalloz IP\/IT, 2024, p. 452 s.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:52px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p><em><strong>Disclaimer<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><em>The opinions, presentations, figures and estimates set forth on the website including in the blog are for informational purposes only and should not be construed as legal advice. For legal advice you should contact a legal professional in your jurisdiction.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><em>The use of any content on this website, including in this blog, for any commercial purposes, including resale, is prohibited, unless permission is first obtained from Evidency. Request for permission should state the purpose and the extent of the reproduction. For non-commercial purposes, all material in this publication may be freely quoted or reprinted, but acknowledgement is required, together with a link to this website.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Key takeaways Two mechanisms, two technical approaches: 2D Doc and electronic seals To understand the distinction between the two mechanisms, it is necessary to understand what they actually secure: 2D Doc verifies encoded data, whereas the electronic seal seals an entire file. 2D Doc: a barcode designed to combat fraud 2D Doc is a standard [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":246879328,"featured_media":13118,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"_et_pb_use_builder":"","_et_pb_old_content":"","_et_gb_content_width":"","_lmt_disableupdate":"","_lmt_disable":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[6410],"tags":[],"ppma_author":[6458],"class_list":["post-13120","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-timestamping","author-marine-yborra"],"acf":{"profil":"","bio":""},"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v26.6 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>2D Doc vs electronic seal: comparative<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"2D Doc and electronic seals are based on distinct legal frameworks. Scope, evidential weight, European recognition: what you need to know before choosing.\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/evidency.io\/en\/comparative-2d-doc-electronic-seal\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"2D Doc vs electronic seal: comparative\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"2D Doc and electronic seals are based on distinct legal frameworks. Scope, evidential weight, European recognition: what you need to know before choosing.\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/evidency.io\/en\/comparative-2d-doc-electronic-seal\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"Evidency\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2026-05-07T10:56:35+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2026-05-07T12:24:31+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/evidency.io\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/2-D-doc.webp\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:width\" content=\"950\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:height\" content=\"500\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:type\" content=\"image\/webp\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"Marine Yborra\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Written by\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"Nicolas Peigner\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"Est. reading time\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"7 minutes\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\/\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"NewsArticle\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/evidency.io\/en\/comparative-2d-doc-electronic-seal\/#article\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/evidency.io\/en\/comparative-2d-doc-electronic-seal\/\"},\"author\":{\"name\":\"Nicolas Peigner\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/evidency.io\/en\/#\/schema\/person\/c4fba2cace4e9303d552b60ebdc0618d\"},\"headline\":\"2D Doc and electronic seals: what truly distinguishes them\",\"datePublished\":\"2026-05-07T10:56:35+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2026-05-07T12:24:31+00:00\",\"mainEntityOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/evidency.io\/en\/comparative-2d-doc-electronic-seal\/\"},\"wordCount\":1347,\"publisher\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/evidency.io\/en\/#organization\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/evidency.io\/en\/comparative-2d-doc-electronic-seal\/#primaryimage\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"https:\/\/evidency.io\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/2-D-doc.webp\",\"articleSection\":[\"Timestamping\"],\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\"},{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/evidency.io\/en\/comparative-2d-doc-electronic-seal\/\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/evidency.io\/en\/comparative-2d-doc-electronic-seal\/\",\"name\":\"2D Doc vs electronic seal: comparative\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/evidency.io\/en\/#website\"},\"primaryImageOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/evidency.io\/en\/comparative-2d-doc-electronic-seal\/#primaryimage\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/evidency.io\/en\/comparative-2d-doc-electronic-seal\/#primaryimage\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"https:\/\/evidency.io\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/2-D-doc.webp\",\"datePublished\":\"2026-05-07T10:56:35+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2026-05-07T12:24:31+00:00\",\"description\":\"2D Doc and electronic seals are based on distinct legal frameworks. Scope, evidential weight, European recognition: what you need to know before choosing.\",\"breadcrumb\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/evidency.io\/en\/comparative-2d-doc-electronic-seal\/#breadcrumb\"},\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"ReadAction\",\"target\":[\"https:\/\/evidency.io\/en\/comparative-2d-doc-electronic-seal\/\"]}]},{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/evidency.io\/en\/comparative-2d-doc-electronic-seal\/#primaryimage\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/evidency.io\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/2-D-doc.webp\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\/\/evidency.io\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/2-D-doc.webp\",\"width\":950,\"height\":500,\"caption\":\"2D doc cachet \u00e9lectronique comparatif\"},{\"@type\":\"BreadcrumbList\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/evidency.io\/en\/comparative-2d-doc-electronic-seal\/#breadcrumb\",\"itemListElement\":[{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":1,\"name\":\"Evidency\",\"item\":\"https:\/\/evidency.io\/en\/\"},{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":2,\"name\":\"2D Doc and electronic seals: what truly distinguishes them\"}]},{\"@type\":\"WebSite\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/evidency.io\/en\/#website\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/evidency.io\/en\/\",\"name\":\"Evidency\",\"description\":\"Sp\u00e9cialiste de la preuve num\u00e9rique\",\"publisher\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/evidency.io\/en\/#organization\"},\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"SearchAction\",\"target\":{\"@type\":\"EntryPoint\",\"urlTemplate\":\"https:\/\/evidency.io\/en\/?s={search_term_string}\"},\"query-input\":{\"@type\":\"PropertyValueSpecification\",\"valueRequired\":true,\"valueName\":\"search_term_string\"}}],\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\"},{\"@type\":\"Organization\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/evidency.io\/en\/#organization\",\"name\":\"Evidency\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/evidency.io\/en\/\",\"logo\":{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/evidency.io\/en\/#\/schema\/logo\/image\/\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/evidency.io\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/09\/header-logo.svg\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\/\/evidency.io\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/09\/header-logo.svg\",\"width\":275,\"height\":58,\"caption\":\"Evidency\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/evidency.io\/en\/#\/schema\/logo\/image\/\"},\"sameAs\":[\"https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/company\/evidency-io\/\"]},{\"@type\":\"Person\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/evidency.io\/en\/#\/schema\/person\/c4fba2cace4e9303d552b60ebdc0618d\",\"name\":\"Nicolas Peigner\",\"image\":{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/evidency.io\/en\/#\/schema\/person\/image\/a071e9b393d0615a4fc88b28477f483e\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/e715d858349a05f43035c04618d0dd510a10a05de09616ec2dac22d1fc3f8c1b?s=96&d=identicon&r=g\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/e715d858349a05f43035c04618d0dd510a10a05de09616ec2dac22d1fc3f8c1b?s=96&d=identicon&r=g\",\"caption\":\"Nicolas Peigner\"},\"description\":\"Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit. Phasellus aliquet dolor vel molestie pellentesque. Curabitur vitae condimentum lectus, ac laoreet magna. Nullam eu tortor odio.\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/evidency.io\/author\/nicolas2805\/\"}]}<\/script>\n<!-- \/ Yoast SEO plugin. -->","yoast_head_json":{"title":"2D Doc vs electronic seal: comparative","description":"2D Doc and electronic seals are based on distinct legal frameworks. Scope, evidential weight, European recognition: what you need to know before choosing.","robots":{"index":"index","follow":"follow","max-snippet":"max-snippet:-1","max-image-preview":"max-image-preview:large","max-video-preview":"max-video-preview:-1"},"canonical":"https:\/\/evidency.io\/en\/comparative-2d-doc-electronic-seal\/","og_locale":"en_US","og_type":"article","og_title":"2D Doc vs electronic seal: comparative","og_description":"2D Doc and electronic seals are based on distinct legal frameworks. Scope, evidential weight, European recognition: what you need to know before choosing.","og_url":"https:\/\/evidency.io\/en\/comparative-2d-doc-electronic-seal\/","og_site_name":"Evidency","article_published_time":"2026-05-07T10:56:35+00:00","article_modified_time":"2026-05-07T12:24:31+00:00","og_image":[{"width":950,"height":500,"url":"https:\/\/evidency.io\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/2-D-doc.webp","type":"image\/webp"}],"author":"Marine Yborra","twitter_card":"summary_large_image","twitter_misc":{"Written by":"Nicolas Peigner","Est. reading time":"7 minutes"},"schema":{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@graph":[{"@type":"NewsArticle","@id":"https:\/\/evidency.io\/en\/comparative-2d-doc-electronic-seal\/#article","isPartOf":{"@id":"https:\/\/evidency.io\/en\/comparative-2d-doc-electronic-seal\/"},"author":{"name":"Nicolas Peigner","@id":"https:\/\/evidency.io\/en\/#\/schema\/person\/c4fba2cace4e9303d552b60ebdc0618d"},"headline":"2D Doc and electronic seals: what truly distinguishes them","datePublished":"2026-05-07T10:56:35+00:00","dateModified":"2026-05-07T12:24:31+00:00","mainEntityOfPage":{"@id":"https:\/\/evidency.io\/en\/comparative-2d-doc-electronic-seal\/"},"wordCount":1347,"publisher":{"@id":"https:\/\/evidency.io\/en\/#organization"},"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/evidency.io\/en\/comparative-2d-doc-electronic-seal\/#primaryimage"},"thumbnailUrl":"https:\/\/evidency.io\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/2-D-doc.webp","articleSection":["Timestamping"],"inLanguage":"en-US"},{"@type":"WebPage","@id":"https:\/\/evidency.io\/en\/comparative-2d-doc-electronic-seal\/","url":"https:\/\/evidency.io\/en\/comparative-2d-doc-electronic-seal\/","name":"2D Doc vs electronic seal: comparative","isPartOf":{"@id":"https:\/\/evidency.io\/en\/#website"},"primaryImageOfPage":{"@id":"https:\/\/evidency.io\/en\/comparative-2d-doc-electronic-seal\/#primaryimage"},"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/evidency.io\/en\/comparative-2d-doc-electronic-seal\/#primaryimage"},"thumbnailUrl":"https:\/\/evidency.io\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/2-D-doc.webp","datePublished":"2026-05-07T10:56:35+00:00","dateModified":"2026-05-07T12:24:31+00:00","description":"2D Doc and electronic seals are based on distinct legal frameworks. Scope, evidential weight, European recognition: what you need to know before choosing.","breadcrumb":{"@id":"https:\/\/evidency.io\/en\/comparative-2d-doc-electronic-seal\/#breadcrumb"},"inLanguage":"en-US","potentialAction":[{"@type":"ReadAction","target":["https:\/\/evidency.io\/en\/comparative-2d-doc-electronic-seal\/"]}]},{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"en-US","@id":"https:\/\/evidency.io\/en\/comparative-2d-doc-electronic-seal\/#primaryimage","url":"https:\/\/evidency.io\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/2-D-doc.webp","contentUrl":"https:\/\/evidency.io\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/2-D-doc.webp","width":950,"height":500,"caption":"2D doc cachet \u00e9lectronique comparatif"},{"@type":"BreadcrumbList","@id":"https:\/\/evidency.io\/en\/comparative-2d-doc-electronic-seal\/#breadcrumb","itemListElement":[{"@type":"ListItem","position":1,"name":"Evidency","item":"https:\/\/evidency.io\/en\/"},{"@type":"ListItem","position":2,"name":"2D Doc and electronic seals: what truly distinguishes them"}]},{"@type":"WebSite","@id":"https:\/\/evidency.io\/en\/#website","url":"https:\/\/evidency.io\/en\/","name":"Evidency","description":"Sp\u00e9cialiste de la preuve num\u00e9rique","publisher":{"@id":"https:\/\/evidency.io\/en\/#organization"},"potentialAction":[{"@type":"SearchAction","target":{"@type":"EntryPoint","urlTemplate":"https:\/\/evidency.io\/en\/?s={search_term_string}"},"query-input":{"@type":"PropertyValueSpecification","valueRequired":true,"valueName":"search_term_string"}}],"inLanguage":"en-US"},{"@type":"Organization","@id":"https:\/\/evidency.io\/en\/#organization","name":"Evidency","url":"https:\/\/evidency.io\/en\/","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"en-US","@id":"https:\/\/evidency.io\/en\/#\/schema\/logo\/image\/","url":"https:\/\/evidency.io\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/09\/header-logo.svg","contentUrl":"https:\/\/evidency.io\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/09\/header-logo.svg","width":275,"height":58,"caption":"Evidency"},"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/evidency.io\/en\/#\/schema\/logo\/image\/"},"sameAs":["https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/company\/evidency-io\/"]},{"@type":"Person","@id":"https:\/\/evidency.io\/en\/#\/schema\/person\/c4fba2cace4e9303d552b60ebdc0618d","name":"Nicolas Peigner","image":{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"en-US","@id":"https:\/\/evidency.io\/en\/#\/schema\/person\/image\/a071e9b393d0615a4fc88b28477f483e","url":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/e715d858349a05f43035c04618d0dd510a10a05de09616ec2dac22d1fc3f8c1b?s=96&d=identicon&r=g","contentUrl":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/e715d858349a05f43035c04618d0dd510a10a05de09616ec2dac22d1fc3f8c1b?s=96&d=identicon&r=g","caption":"Nicolas Peigner"},"description":"Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit. Phasellus aliquet dolor vel molestie pellentesque. Curabitur vitae condimentum lectus, ac laoreet magna. Nullam eu tortor odio.","url":"https:\/\/evidency.io\/author\/nicolas2805\/"}]}},"modified_by":"Camille Lehur","authors":[{"term_id":6458,"user_id":0,"is_guest":1,"slug":"marine-yborra","display_name":"Marine Yborra","avatar_url":{"url":"https:\/\/evidency.io\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/Marine-1.webp","url2x":"https:\/\/evidency.io\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/Marine-1.webp"},"author_category":"1","first_name":"Marine","description_complete":"<p>Marine Yborra is the Chief Marketing Officer at Evidency, where she leads the company\u2019s marketing strategy. With over twenty years of international experience in both B2B and B2C environments, she has developed strong expertise in brand strategy, positioning, and activation. Her career, spanning diverse sectors and business models, gives her a unique ability to make complex, high-value solutions accessible and relevant to demanding markets.<\/p>\r\n\r\n<p>At Evidency, Marine is responsible for defining and communicating the company\u2019s value proposition to legal professionals, businesses, and organisations operating in regulated industries. She drives initiatives to raise awareness of Evidency\u2019s role as a Qualified Trust Service Provider (QTSP), ensuring that its solutions, ranging from qualified timestamping and electronic seals to long-term compliant archiving, are clearly understood and widely adopted. She translates regulatory and technical topics into actionable insights, helping professionals ensure the authenticity, integrity, and legal validity of their digital evidence.<\/p>","domaine_dexpertise":"<ul>\r\n \t<li>Communication and digital strategy<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Digital transformation<\/li>\r\n \t<li>B2B and B2C<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>","last_name":"Yborra","user_url":"","job_title":"CMO","linkedin":"https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/marine-yborra-marketing\/","description":"Marine is the Chief Marketing Officer at Evidency. A specialist in branding and brand activation, she has international experience in both B2B and B2C."}],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/evidency.io\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/13120","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/evidency.io\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/evidency.io\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/evidency.io\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/246879328"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/evidency.io\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=13120"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/evidency.io\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/13120\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":13123,"href":"https:\/\/evidency.io\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/13120\/revisions\/13123"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/evidency.io\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/13118"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/evidency.io\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=13120"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/evidency.io\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=13120"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/evidency.io\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=13120"},{"taxonomy":"author","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/evidency.io\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/ppma_author?post=13120"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}